{"id":473,"date":"2018-07-12T15:14:55","date_gmt":"2018-07-12T19:14:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/?p=473"},"modified":"2018-07-12T15:14:55","modified_gmt":"2018-07-12T19:14:55","slug":"patellar-luxation","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/patellar-luxation\/","title":{"rendered":"Patellar Luxation"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>by Angelia Oliverei, LVT<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-477 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sampson.Georgia-Jan-2018-PoM-800x800.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"311\" height=\"311\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sampson.Georgia-Jan-2018-PoM-800x800.jpg 800w, https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sampson.Georgia-Jan-2018-PoM-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sampson.Georgia-Jan-2018-PoM-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Sampson.Georgia-Jan-2018-PoM.jpg 960w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 311px) 100vw, 311px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>What is a \u201cluxating patella\u201d?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Patellar luxation is a condition that occurs in dogs and cats in which the patella (kneecap) slides out its normal position (see radiographs below). \u00a0The patella is a sesamoid bone, which means it is a bone embedded in soft tissue that serves as an anchor point for muscle during movement.\u00a0 The patella is located in the trochlear groove of the femur and is held in position by the patella ligament that attaches to the quadriceps muscles and ends with its insertion at the front of the tibia. \u00a0Patella luxation can occur when the trochlear groove is too shallow, not allowing the patella to sit properly within the groove. \u00a0It can luxate medially (towards the inside of the leg) or laterally (towards the outside of the leg), but medial luxation is more common.\u00a0 Additionally, the patella can luxate because the ligament that holds the patella in position within the grove is attached too far medially.\u00a0 When the thigh muscle contracts, it will pull the patella out of its groove.\u00a0 Patella luxation most commonly affects small breed dogs including Yorkshire Terriers, Chihuahuas, Boston Terriers, Bulldogs, Pomeranians, and miniature Poodles. \u00a0However, it can affect large breed dogs and cats.<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>Grades of Patella luxation: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The severity of patellar luxation is graded.\u00a0 This allows veterinary professionals to discuss the pet\u2019s medical condition easily.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Grade \u00bc = the patella can be luxated manually but returns to its normal position.<\/li>\n<li>Grade 2\/4 = the patella can be luxated manually, and will stay in that position until it is manually replaced.<\/li>\n<li>Grade \u00be = the patella remains out most of the time. It can be manually placed back into normal position but will luxate back out.<\/li>\n<li>Grade 4\/4 = the patella is luxated and cannot be manually placed back into normal position.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Symptoms<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Depending on the grade of luxation, animals suffering from a patella luxation may or may not show signs of discomfort. \u00a0The most common sign is decreased to minimal weight bearing on the limb. \u00a0There are many affected animals that will learn how to put the patella back into position themselves by hyper extending the leg (appears like a skip in motion), which snaps the patella back into position.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Long Term Care<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Patella luxation can cause arthritic changes over time due to abnormal movement within the joint and this can lead to discomfort and progression of arthritis. \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/services\/exercise-rehab-medicine.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Rehabilitation therapy<\/a> uses targeted structured exercises to help strengthen the muscles that surround the joint with the intent to minimize luxation of the patella. \u00a0There are surgical options available to patients suffering from patella luxation. \u00a0Surgical correction is usually recommended in patients with grades 3-4 patella luxation. \u00a0The most common surgical corrections include Lateral Imbrication, Medial Release,\u00a0 Trochleoplasty, and Tibial Tuberosity Transposition. \u00a0Regardless of the surgery performed, post-operative rehabilitation is typically recommended. \u00a0Rehabilitation will help promote normal function of the joint by increasing muscle mass and improving balance.<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-476 alignleft\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Normal-Patella-with-arrow.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"636\" height=\"394\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-475 alignright\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pawsitivestepsrehab.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/07\/Lux-Patella-with-arrow.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"575\" height=\"418\" \/><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>The radiographs on the left show the patella in a normal position.\u00a0 On the right we have radiographs that show a medial patellar luxation.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>by Angelia Oliverei, LVT What is a \u201cluxating patella\u201d? Patellar luxation is a condition that occurs in dogs and cats in which the patella (kneecap) slides out its normal position (see radiographs below). \u00a0The patella is a sesamoid bone, which means it is a bone embedded in soft tissue that serves as an anchor point [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[15,1,11],"tags":[18,17,16],"class_list":["post-473","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-orthopedic-conditions","category-pawsitive-steps-news","category-rehabilitation-modalities","tag-luxating-patella","tag-patella-luxations","tag-rehabilitation-for-pets"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Patellar Luxation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Patellar luxation is a 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